Fluid pressure motor



1943- F. c. EASTMAN FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Aug. 28, 1942 Jhvenior- Z77 ed 6' Ea. s v'maxrz 1943- F. c. EASTMAN ,4

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Original Filed Aug. 28, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ma g E 66 W 62 63 L Z341 Lg 60 5 wa 52 w v 244? -2 i o M0 :92 476 60/46 f 97 24 4 A74 Q 9 F1 2 wa/fizaa m 3 Zhvenzor /56 Fred G 5a at ma/rz/ L96 Dec. 21, 1948. EASTMAN 2,456,689

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Original Filed Aug. 28, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.5 W

7 Fred Cfiasfimwrv F1319. .F1g10 Patented Dec. 21, 1 948 UNITED .:i--STAT.ES

@eArENT oFFl United Shoe Machinery-,Corporation,,Flemington, N., .L, a corporation of'New Jersey .1 Oiiginahapplieation ,Augustz128g51942a SeriahNo.

member/1, 1944, Serial ,No. 561,917

1 11Claims.

J "This invention relates to? fiui'd-pressure -om eratedmechanisms,and'more particularly to a fluid-pressure-operated motor. having means for causing.automaticyoperation of 'the motorthrough "a predetermined cycle? The invention isi'illustrated as embodied in a machine for 'settin'gfuses 'of shells. It should be understood,howeverythat in its broader aspects' the invention is not so limited but is applicable tozmachines for'operating on othertypes'of workpieces. This applica- "engaging memben-there "being means for directing Y the fluid :under pressure, to one, side of" the element to'move the Work-engagingmember into engagement'with a work piece, under heavy pressure and pressure-responsive means for directing the. fluid under pressure to .the otherside oi the element while the first side is still under pressure, thereby tov reduce the pressure exerted by the work-engaging memberonQthe-W rk piece.. HAs illustrated ,herein,,the motor comprises 'a v.pair of pistons movable in cylinders',.the ,flow of fluid into which is controlled by.a pressure-responsivevalve. In one position of thevalvefluidis admitted behind the pistons, .ina seriondposition both. behind and ahead of the pistons and, in a thirdposition .it isadmitted ahead of the Pistonsandexhausted from behind ,the, pistons... iThis, valve is movable step byv step: into itst-various-positions in response to progressive increases in thefipressure of; the operating fluid. In accordance with 'a further -feature of,the-invention'tthisavalve is controlled by a latch whichcooperatesmith amembergmovable with the valve,itheclatch ibeingiarranged to a i hold thevalve invone ofvseveraliidifferent positions :qthereby togpermit'stepabyestepvmovement of the valve. in .responseto increases in the pressure of i 1-,;the-operating fluid.

:1." The-above andother features of -the invention, .vincluding-novel details of construction and-oom- 2; ;binations' of parts, -wi-ll now be more particularly (Oriel-:38) V 2 ,,'deseribe d by reference to the aceompanyingdrawings' and pointed out inthe claims.

,In .the drawings,

l is a view inside elevation of amachine 5 inwhich the invention is. embodied;

'Fig'. 2 is a plan view of a portiono f the ;ma- 'ChiIlETShOWI'l injFig. 1;

(".Fig. 8 is abottomplan view. Qftheportion of the machine shown in Fig. 2; l Fig. fl is a verticallongitudinal section through the machineon a larger scale thanFigs. 1 to 3;

" F '5, S hem view, rt in ection. of he p tioniof. t e. mach n .showninFig. 2;

Figs. 6, 7and 8 ar e sec tional views throughthe l main controlvalve oi the. machine, showing, the

valve indifferent positions;

""Figs. BHandlO are sectional views througlranother valve,v showing'it in twoi;difierent ,,positions; and V Fig: 11 is a'vertical.; sectionth iqu h the W'Orkengaging portion of the machine,"illustrat ing a shell in operative; relation thereto. 'Iheinvention is; herein. illustrated as em- 'bodied in a fuseysetter IO"(Fig. 1) suitably mount- ;'ed' on the breech end ofxagun l2; ffIhe shells to be-supplied to-th e gun may. beearried by asuitable magazinel 4 from which they are transferred successivel-y 1 into 4 fuseesetting position and then intora-mming position by a trans-fer.tray.l 6.1 This 3Q -tray is secured by a. depending arm;l8.tQ.a .Dair of--links20', andi'ZZ; *'The.,link 22 is. .journa'led on'a lateral extension of a trunnion 2; by which ":the gun isgsupported and the link.20 isconnected by .a"link126 to the trunnion. A. duplicateset of links .(not shown) .may be provided at the .oppo- "site'side of thegun better to support. the tray. A rod'28 connected to the. link22..se rves toraise and lower the, link; thereby to movethe; transfer travv rt i el a 'Ther izlimay b ...manua1 y. op- 40 era'ted or may be power perated, byv suitable ,in'echanism -(not shown) .The tray is ,movable upwardly from the position illustrated toreceive a shell from .the magazine l4 a fterwhich. it is i -lowered to carry ,the shell 'intoposition to ,have its fuse set by, the mechanism HI At the conclusion'of the fuse-setting operation the tray is lowered still further to'carry the .she ll intolalinement with the breech of thegun, whereupon a rammer 3'8 forcesthe shel intqthe breech. Thegfuse-setting mechanism Ill. comprises a plurality of knives 32 (one. of which isshown i 4) which re n eferab mh ee innumber and are arranged. to engage. the fuse ringiE of a shell s at points spacedapproximat w;12G pa Each-knife32 is'forme'd at the end of a lever34 pivoted at 36 between spaced cars 38 projecting outwardly from a rotatable support 40. Surrounding the inner ends of the levers ina spring 42 urging the levers in a direction to move the knives 32, outwardly of the support. A plunger 44 is normally maintained in the position shown in Fig. 4 to hold the inner ends of the levers 34 separated against the force of the spring 42, thereby maintaining the knives 32 in operative positions. The support 40 is rotatable within a housing 46 so that it may be turned relatively to the housing after the knives are in engagement with the fuse ring F, thereby to turn the fuse ring and set the fuse. For holding the shell against turning movement at this time a plurality of pins 48, preferably three'in' number, are slidable within bosses 50 formed in the forward end of the housing 46 and are movable toward the shell to grip it rearwardly of the fuse ring, as illustrated in Fig. 11. Bellcrank levers 52 pivoted between ears 54 on the housing 46 engage the outer ends of the pins for moving them inwardly into engagement with the shell. These levers are connected by links 56 to pistons 58 slidable in cylinders 60 formed in the housing 46 so that upon the introduction of fluid under pressure in the cylinders behind the pistons the pins are moved into gripping relationship with the shell. The pins 48 are provided with heads 6I which prevent the pins from dropping from the bosses 56 when no shell is being operated upon.

The housing 46 is movable lengthwise of the shell positioned in front of it to carry the knives 32 into engagement with the fuse ring, as shown in Fig. 11. For this purpose the housing is secured by arms 62, 63 (Figs. 2 and 3) to rods 64, 66 movable lengthwise of the gun. The forward ends of the rods are supported for sliding movement in a frame member 68 which is in turn secured to bars I carried by the breech end of the gun. The rearward ends of the rods 64, 66 are formed as pistons 12, 14 (Fig. slidable in cylinders I6, 18. These cylinders are formed in a frame member 80 which is also secured to the Upon the introduction of fluid under pressure in the cylinders I6, I8 behind the pistons I2, I 4, the rods 64, 66 carrying the arms 62, 63 are moved in a direction to carry the housing 46 and the support 40 for the knives toward the it the knives 32, is rotated a predetermined amount to set the fuse. After the fuse has been properly set, the turning movement of the support 40 is interrupted and the plunger 44 is retracted to permit the knives 32 to be moved by the spring 42 outwardly of the support 40 and out of'engagement with the fuse ring. The levers 52, acting on the pins 48 are then operated to release the force exerted by the pins 48 on the shell, after which the housing 46 is moved back to its initial position so that the shell with the fuse properly set may be moved by the tray I6 into ramming position.

The cycle of operations is controlled, at least partly, by a main control valve mechanism 82 (Figs. 5 to 8) associated with the cylinder I6. This control mechanism comprises a slide valve member 04 which includes a pair of valve elements 86 and 88 slidable within a valve chamber 90. Fluid under pressure is admitted by a supply pipe 92 into the valve chamber between the valve elements 86 and 88. Fluid exhausts from the valve chamber through an exhaust port 94, a spring-pressed check Valve 96 which prevents escape of fluid from the valve chamber until the pressure has reached a predetermined amount, and thence to a fluid reservoir (not shown) by way of a pipe 91. The rearward end of the valve member 84 is formed as a piston 98 which is sub-- jected, during the operation of the machine, to pressure on its rearward side to cause the valve to move to the left from the position shown in Fig. 6 in a step-by-step manner. Passageways 99 and I00 formed in the wall IOI' between the valve chamber and the cylinder I6 provide communication between the valve chamber and opposite ends of the cylinder. The valve member 84 is formed with a passageway I02 providing communication between the outer sides of the valve elements 86 and 88. The valve member 84 includes a valve stem I04 which extends through the forward wall of the valve chamber and to the outer end of which is secured a finger I06 having a surface arranged to slide in contact with an adjacent surface of the cylinder 16. For restraining movement of the valve member from the position shown in Fig. 6 under the influence'of pressure exerted on the rearward surface of the piston 98, a latch I08 is provided. This latch is pivoted at I I0 between ears III on the exterior Wall of the valve housing and is urged by a spring I I2 toward the finger I06. Notches H4 and H6 are formed in the latch to receive sequentially the upper end of the finger I06. The latch thus holds the valve member in the position shown in Fig. 6 until the pressure exerted behind the piston 98 is suflicient to move the latch upwardly against the force of the spring I I2, whereupon the valve member will move to the left until the finger I06 seats within the notch II6, as shown in Fig. '7. The valve member will remain in this position until the pressure on the piston 98 increases to a value which is sufiicient to move the latch further upwardly against the increased resistance of the spring II2, whereupon the valve member will move to the position shown in Fig. 8.

With the valve member 84 in the position shown in Fig. 5, both the passageways 99 and I00 are closed by the valve elements 86 and 88 respectively and the machine is at rest. Provision is made for moving the valve member from the position of Fig. 5 into the position shown in Fig. 6. For this purpose a rod I20 located in front of the finger I06 on the valve stem W4 is supported for lengthwise movement in bosses I22, I24 (Fig. 2) projecting upwardly from the cylinder I6 and the frame member 68 respectively. Pivotecl to the upper surface of the frame member 68 is a lever I26 having an end engageable with the adjacent end of the rod I20. The other end of this lever is connected by a link I28 (Fig. 4) to a lever I30 pivoted at I32 on the frame member 68. The lower end of the lever I30 is bent at I34 to be engaged by the nose of a shell as it is moved downwardly-by the transfer tray I6 into the fuse-setting position. As this shell is thus moved downwardly, the lever I30 is moved in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 4, and acts through the link I28 and the lever I26 to move the rod I20 in the direction to move the valve member from the position of Fig 5 to the position shown in Fig. 6. The valve member is maintained in the position shown in Fig. 5 when the machine is at rest by the latch I08,

-. which; acts;.0nthe "finger ;v toy maintain-it, in xengagement,-with, a; screw I36;\carried-iby an extension' I38 OfA'OIIB Of the. arms .63.:

Upon- -movement "of 1 the walve member: to the position: shown in Grin response ,.to-movement; ;of 51a: shell. into -=fusesettin i:zposition; the 1 passageways :.99an.d.-- I :are uncovered; and fluid under-.pressnre'flows throughthe-passageway I 00 intotheeylinden] S-behind zthezpistonfn. Pipes Brand: I 42 ;con-nect .thecylinders :16 wandrlaito- ,gether ='at-their-; two ends so {that the: fluid unider .pnessureialsofiowsz through the 1 pipe I40; into; the

cylinder, I 8 .-.behind the piston: 1 41 The pistons tcontactrwit'h the. 'fuse :ring;F-,1the. pressure ;of the :operating; fluidwillxincrease: and :will act-won the -'-.valve- :piston 983130 overcome theholdingieffect of theilatch :I-fl8;. theheby 1moving that-Valve into :the

:rposition,showninaFig. 7. v Withi the valvernem- ,rberegin this;position,,; the passageway :99is closed 'byzthe -valveeelement ,86so' that the'fluid in yfront .aofgthe'apistons- I2 and a'M :is'trappedend thepis- :tons stall thereby limitingxthe: force: exerted by ";.the k'niveslon: the fuse ring. i

'Thoapiston172*.zanderod ,64rare-rprovided with a rpassagewayi !44';(Fig.: which opens-into the rright-handaendeof. the :cylinder r16 and-the other -end;zofarthepassageway is connected by a rpipe t- I 46 with a; valve: chamber I 48 :iof= .ascontrolivalve 7 I50.,=;This :valve chamber is 'fOrmed'in the: housingz48; as: shown in Fig; 4,: and. a passageway I52 qprovides tcommunication with.:.one.aof the cylinders 60 behind the piston 58;ztherein.z"' Pipes il-54 provide (communication between .the cylinder 60 biz-Fig.- 4;and the other vcylinders 60 so that upon gthetintroduction,.of- 'fiuid uncler pressure into the u.:cylinderishownr in this figure, all the =pistons+58 a Willi-be :operated to; move a the; pins 1 48. into locking engagement :with the shell. The valve f I50 cornv.:prises; acyalvemember I56 which. includes a pair' OflzVZIlYB-BIGIHBIES I58 :and 160.1 Thevalve mem- .:ber,rv1s4.- maintained in the vposition shown in Fig. 5 fiwhenzthe :zmachine is at restiby a spring -I 62 acting'zthrough': a, bell crank lever valvesstem; I66" Thev spring, I62;.is@adjustably- ,supportedby a screw I68 :threaded ina wall I 69 nof the housingq ifi. Whenthe valvemember ISB is in;the -position 'shown in Fig, 5, thezpassageway ;i52is:.c1osed-by the valve ;member I 58 to fluid $4 on the under-pressure in. the, pipe: I 46 The fluidunder pressure behind the piston 12 eactsthroughthe passageway thereinandthe pipe I46 on the valve member-4 58 --to ;-move =;the valve :member against Imorder that. the .knives'a3 2 twill exert-sufiicient .wmovement ofthe 1 pistons .s'IZ and; I4 rinto engagement 'w-iththe fuse iring undereonsiderable:pres- 1,- sure; theishell being supported against reanward movementgzat this, time by: astop I 10 A (Fig; 1) J: carried-,zbyethe loading tray; I 6. It eisfldes-inable that :the pressure on the lfusezring she's decreased SOHIBWhBirbGfOIBi-ifi isL-turnedto prevent bindi-ng of: the fuse; ring;;against the adjacent 1-surface;of

the-shell. For this purpose, fiuid under pressure admitted1to -the left-handsides offthe pistons videdraepassageway II2 ;;,one endeofvwhich com- ;=municates-with the cylinder] 8 at; the left zofrrthe piston (Fig; 5)-.- The other endzofz-this'; passageway -7001nmunioates-with .-one i of -:the-:vcy1inders':-:60 (Fig 5);through-.-aw.pipe I14, a ehechValveiIfIG -and a piperITIS. .-After the-yalvemernberdSB has --been moved: into the: position of." Fig. I 9 1 causing the pinse48 .Jto be moved: into looking; engagement :1 withithe shelL-fiuid under pressure fiowsthrough the r pipe: I18; check :valve I I 6. and-ipipe :1I14;into ,the passageway-l 72 2of jtheqpiston;rodtfilirandeinto .hthescylirider 18i'toztheleft of." thegpistonul ll 1' The pipe cjxl 42 into: the:- cylinder: 16 "to tthevleft 10f .xthe

piston 11 2. W-hile it Willxloe :evident that: :the :01)- er-ating fluideactingionaopposite ,sidesoof ythe: pis- 5; tons 57.2; I4:is' aunderrthe same ypressurexper, unit :tonsisuto decrease the force exerted onthelknives with the result that thespressureeiofJthe knives 1orrwtheirfuse:ring: is' reduced 'suflioiently; to: avoid ;any binding of thelfuse ringisuch vas might tencl to prevent :it from Boeing turnedirfreely 'relatively ":to. otherzparts of the shell'in thesubsequent fusesetting operation Forzzturhingthe support 40 :oarryingl the knives 332;:thereby'tosetvthe fusegafiuidepressure motor I is provided: Thisiisxa' rotary=vane-typemotor comprising a vane; I.-82:keyed=;to.-;a, reduced portion 184 50f: the {knives support-4G androtatable within a cylindrical: chamber I 86 formed'ini the housing -46.-= Therchamber-Itfi is provided with anwallxIBB -(Fig. :5) which-extends--.radial1yinward to the hub of the-vane I82 "Ports" ,,I 90 :and-yI 92; provide communication :betweenthe valve "ohambery'l 48 andthe. motor I chamber- I 86 at oppositeasidesof prevents movement of, the-vane -I 82 to a position the valve member I 56 in. the :positiomshown? :in 'Fig. 9-, fluidunderwpressure flows fromrztheiiv'alve chamber-1 -I 48vthrough-theportrl 90 zinto athe'motor movement I of 1 the vane causesithe a supportagm carryingrfthe knives-:3 2 'ftO :turmi thereby turning the -.fuse ringFirelatively to the ashelli 5; The

.fluid within rthe m'otor. chamber I86: exhausts threu hthewport ii 92 and awport: I96 in the valve chamberl48 l-which? communicates :Withvtheefiuid reservoinv Attentheiuse ring vhas been turnedithroughtthe desired angle g-to obtain: the idesired fuse. :setting,

the pressure :EXBItBdxOl'll the wane; I 82 otthe: motor a I 88 his: automatically-cutoff bywmovement iof the 'wandlyinto :the position: shownzin:'liigz iv 10. zziiisthis position, the valve element I 58 closes the port I90 and the valve element I60 closes the port I92 so that the fluid within the motor is trapped and the motor comes to rest as soon as the valve member I56 is moved into the position of Fig. 10. For thus moving the valve into this position, the'bellcrank lever I64 acting on the valve stem I66 is actuated at a predetermined time by the motor I80. Carried by the end of the reduced portion I04 of the support 40 is a bracket 200 in which is pivoted a bell-crank lever 202. One arm of this bell-crank lever has a forked end 204 received between collars 206 and 208 (Fig. 4) carried by a rod 2 I extending axially through the support 40. This rod carries the plunger 44 by which the knives 32 are held in engagement with the fuse ring against the force exerted by the spring 42. The other arm of the bell-crank lever 202 carries a cam roll 2I0 which rides in contact with an adjustable cam 2I2 during the rotation of the support 40. The bell-crank lever I64 which is in engagement with the lower end of the valve stem I66 is connected by a link 2 I4 to a crank arm2I6 secured to a rockshaft 218 journaled in a housing 220 (Fig. 4) secured by screws 222 to the housing 46. Carried by the rockshaft 2 I8 is an upwardly extending arm 224 having a forked end embracing the rod 2I0 to the right of the collar 208. When the machine is in the starting position, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the upper end of the arm 224 is spaced from the collar 208 sufliciently so that it will just move into engagement with the collar when the valve member I56 is moved into the position of Fig. 9. As the support 40 is turned by the motor I80, the cam roll 2I0 moves around the surface of the cam 2I2 and eventually rides up on a high surface 226 of the cam, thus pivoting the bell-crank lever 202 in a counterclockwise direction, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. This movement of the bell-crank lever moves the rod 2I0 to the right, the collar 208 acting on the arm 224 secured to the shaft 2I8 to rock the shaft in a clockwise direction. This motion of the shaft acts through the arm 2 I6, link 2 I4 and'bell-crank lever I64 to move the Valve I56 upwardly against the force of the fluid under pressure acting downwardly thereon so that the valve moves into the position shown in Fig. 10 which immediately interrupts the operation of the motor I80, whereupon the support stops turning. The movement of the rod 2I0 carrying the plunger 44 to the right causes the plunger to be moved out of operative engagement with the levers 34 on which the fuse-setting knives are carried so that the spring 42 is effective to move the knives out of engagement with the fuse ring simultaneously with the stopping of the motor I80.

For varying the fuse-setting time, the cam 2I2 is arranged to be adjusted to varythe angular motion required by the vane I82 to move the cam roll 2I0 to the high point 226 of the cam. The cam is provided with a hub 230 journaled in the housing 220 (Fig. 4) and'extending into a gear housing 232 which is secured by a bracket 234 to the housing 220. Keyed to the hub 230 of the cam 2I2 is a pinion 236 which meshes with a pinion 238 secured to a shaft 240 'journalecl inthe upper part of the housing 232, and this shaft is suitably connected with a remote control device 242 by which the shaft 240 may be turned a predetermined amount of rotation of a control handle 244 of the control member 242.

With the valve member I 56 in the position shown in Fig. 10, the fuse is properly set andthe knives 32 have been withdrawn from the fuse rin F so that the housing 46 may nowbe moved away from the shell back into its initial position. The

pressure of thefluid behind the pistons 12 and I4 now increases, inasmuch as the flow through the passageway I44 in the rod 64 and the pipe I46 is cut off by the valve member I56 which is locked for the time being in the position shown in Fig. 10. Accordingly, the pressure which also acts on the piston 98 of the valve member 84 increases sufliciently to move the valve member once more to the left against the holding force of the 1atch'I08. The valve is thus moved toward the left until the finger'l06 carried by the valve stem I04 is moved beyond the lowest portion of the latch, whereupon the latch urged downwardly by the spring II2 acts through the surface 250 to move the valve still farther to the left until the finger I06 engages the rod I20, as shown in Fig. 8. Fluid under pressure now flows from the pipe 92 through the valve chamber and passageway 99 into the cylinder I6 to the left of the piston I2 and through the pipe I42 into the cylinder I8 on the same side of the piston I4. The fluid on the right-hand side of the pistons exhausts through the passageway I00 between the valve element 88 and the piston 98 past the check valve 96 back to the fluid reservoir. The valve 96 does not open to permit exhaust of fluid until the pressure on the righthand side of the pistons has increased to a predetermined amount. This pressure is effective through the passageway I44 of the piston I2 and pipe I46 on the valve member I56 but is not sumcient to prevent movement of the valve by the spring I62 back to the position of Fig. 5. The fluid under pressure, however, flows through a passageway 252 which passes downwardly through the valve member I56 and opens into the space below the valve element I60. This passageway provides communication with the port I92 thereby to move the vane I82 back to its initial position, the fluid on the other side of the vane ex-. hausting through port I90 and the port I96 back to the fluid reservoir. Y

The pistons I2 and I4 are now moved to the right, thus moving the housing 46 back to its initial position. During the return movement of the housing the screw I36 on the arm I38 of the housing acts on the finger I 06 of the valve 84 to move the valve to the right until it reaches the position shown in Fig. 5- which is the rest position of the machine. As soon as this position is reached, the valve elements 86 and 88 close off the passageways 99 and I00, whereupon the machine immediately comes to rest. During this return movement, the knives 32 are reset, by

. movement of the plunger 44, into the position of Fig. 4. For thus moving the plunger, the rod 2I0 on which the plunger is carried extends beyond the gear housing 232 and engagesthe frame member during the return movement ofthe housing 46. This causes movement of the rod 2I0 to the left, whereupon the member 44m0ves into position between the adjacent ends of "the levers 34 to move the knives 32 again into operative positions.

In the event that the pressure acting on the vane I82 of the motor I80 during the return movements of the parts is insufiicient to move the vane I02 back to its starting position, this movement will take place immediately at the beginning of the next fuse-setting operation. The fluid under pressure will act through the passageway I44 of the piston rod 64, the pipe I46, passageway 252 of the valve member I56 and the port I92 to exert sufiicient pressureagainst the 9 .1,. vanerto return it and hold it in its starting-posi-- tion until the-valve member l-56 -ismoved" to "the 1 position of Fig. 9. -Normally, however;--the back pressure=set= up by'the check valve 96 -i'n the dis charge line will be suflic'i'ent to cause "this returns .5 movement-of thevane l 821- With the-machine: at'rest the parts -will-be in the positions showrr--in Fig; 5. Uponmovement -W of a shell from the magazine (Fig 1'') i'ntofusesetting position by: the tray' '-i'6,'- t-he' 'nose of the shell-' 'strike's the lower end :i 34 OT the leverl 30 (Figfd) which acts through the link l28 andthe lever= i'lfi' to-move the rod l20 (Fi-g. 5) tothe right;- which in turn causes' movementof the valve membe'r-td' into the position of 'Figr'6. -"'.'Fluid' ['5 under pressure now flows into the cylinders 'lfi' and!!! back of the pistons "and T4 to move the pistonsto the left,iwhich moves the housing 46 carried by the piston rods toward the shell; The knives-32carried by'the support rotatable in the housingwill thus be movedinto engagement:' with-the fuse .-ring F. After the knives have-- properly engaged the fuse clingpressure to the right'of the pistons Hand-14 increases and'acts on the valve piston 98' to move the valve member 84 into :the position of Fig.7 which traps-the fluid to the'left of the pistons 12 and 14 thus ar= resting movement of the housing-46H The fluid" pressure now acts on the' valve member-"I56 to move it into the positio'n"ofFig; 9 in which the fluid under-pressure isefiective to move the looking pins 48 into engagement with-the she'll'backof the-fuse ring to prevent rotativemovement" of the shella's thefuse-is set. Thefiuidmnderipres sure also acts on-thezpistonsi 12' and 1 14' to :relieve' the pressure of th e kniveson-the fus'e'ring thereby eliminating possibility of bindingiofth'e fus'eiringxx: as itisturned. iAt thesameaitimeut e fluidunder pressures'acts .0n.'the' :vaned 82. ofrthe'moton' -I 80; starting rotationof the motor: and tu'rning'of the? fuse-ring F." When the fuse ring has turned a predetermined'a mount as determined by the'set ting of the: cam 2 I 2;'-.='th'e valve: member :l.56;;iis i:- moved upwardly to the position'of FigiilO; fthus trapping the 'flui'd .on both "sides of the vane i 82 3:) and --immediately stopping its rotation. ".At the t same time the plun er 44 is moved to the left,;: thuszpermittingzthe knivesr322to be; moved by. the" springw lz out of engagement vwith the'fruse ring. The valvememberfl: is again moved'to'the left fi by the increase in'pressureon the piston98 until i it assumes the position shown in- Fig'; 8, where uponwfiuidunderpressure flows intothe :cylinders 1B and 'l8'to theleft'of the pistons Hand "to move them-1andtheyhousingt lB back to their. .initial positions;" The vane-.182 of the motor M6 31: is also returned at this timerand .after thezhnusaing has moved suificiently to the=.right;:the knives: 32 are: reset by" engagement: ofithe rod'i2i0 with the frame rmember80,':a'nd-ther'screw-zlflGucarried :uo withzthe housingreturns' the valve memberr'fl to the positionnofvFig'; 2'5, whereuponzathe fmachinegq. COmGSttD restr: The transferztrayrl'fi mayanow be s: operated to 'mcverthe'shelr'into balinementrwith the breechrof the: gun;a--;whereupon'="the* shell: :is rammed" and the gun is firedaby suitablezmecher anism "(not-:shown) Having thus" described my;invention,"ivvhat I c1aim--as new 1 and desire "to secure: by Letters-1:" l Patent of the :UnitedxStateS- isles:

1. A a fluid-pressure=operated: .mechanismgzxa. :1 work-engaging 'member'ra piston opera-tiv'ely-con a nested, thereto; a cylinder-housingz-saidipiston; a passageway for--directingr rfiuidziunder; t'pressur intasaidpylinder; at 10118 :side I of .said .pistonriorm 5 moving the work engaging" member into engagement-with 'a workpiece-' under heavy-pressure;

a passageway for= exhausting the fluid from-said cylinder at the opposite side of said'piston-valve means responsiveto thepressureof the fluid in the "cylinder at -saidone side of said piston for admitting-fluid*under'pressure to said-cylinder at said opposite side of said piston, and-a valve operated in response to the pressureof the fluid in the cylinder at-said one side of saidpiston to close-the exhau-stf-rom'saidcylinder prior to the admissiorrof-fluidunder pressure at said oppositeside of said pistonandsubsequently to cut off the floW of-fluid'unde-r -pressure:to said one sideof said-=piston-and to admitit into the cylinder at said other side 01 said pistonzthereby to move-said piston -and-said work-engagingmem-- her in a reversedirections 2. -Irr'a fluid-pressure-operatedmechanism, a work-e'ngaging member, -a 'piston connectedthereto; a cylinder housing said-piston; a passageway for directing fluid under pressure to heevy nressure intoengagement with thework piece and responsive toa hi gher' predetermined pressure of the fluid in-said one: end ofsaid cylinder to admit' fluid to'the-other-end of the I cylinder andexhaustthe-fiuid from said one end of the'icylinder; 3. 'In" a fluldpressure-operated mechan sm, 'a

piston, a cylinder housing said piston. a passage- 1 wayintooneend ofrsaid cylinder for directing fluid under pressurexthereinto; an-zexhaust passageway at the otherienduof thezcylinder for permittingzthe exhaustof theafluid from .said end i of the 'icylindenvalve'zmeans in saidvexhaust passagewayoperative' incresponse to'ithe pressure; in saidone end of saidii-cylindersto close-the 'eX- haustx-passageway: when,;-the pressurereaches a predetermined'valuegumeans providingcommuni-.: cation between opposite ends of the cylindena-nd ValVermeans-in control vof saidlast-named means 1 resoonsiveatothe pressure in saidone end of said cylinder: arranged to permit flow -of fluid there-.- through after the-valve-in the exhaust passagee,

way .is closed-.11:

4. In a fluidspressu-re-operated-mecha-nism, a piston. a cylinderhousingsaid-piston, said piston including a rod passing through an end of the cylinder means-admitting fluid under-pressure into therrotherend of the -cylinder,-said rod hav-i ing a passagewayextending through -the,piston; and terminating outwardly ofthe cylinder; means prouidingzcommunication betweenwsaid passagewayuandr-the, other-endof the cylinder, an exhaustipassa-geyvay communicating'with said a other end "of the cylindermvalve means responsive-to the pressure in--said-other endof said cylinder in control of the. means: providingeommunication between theepassagewaypand said-.other end of the cylinder; andivalve means-responsiveto the pressurein said; other-end: of said cylinder con--- T trolling said zexhaust twhereby the exhaust is closed-prior-to:the flow-of fluidyfrom one end'w' of the eyli-nder' intoa the others 5.-In afluidepressureeoperatedmechanism a v world-engaging memben -a pair; of pistonsopera tivelygoonnectedqto saidamember foruzmoving it 11 into and out of engagement with a work piece, a pair of cylinders housing said pistons, means admitting fluid into one end of each of said cylinders for moving said pistons conjointly to cause said work-engaging member to be moved into engagement with a work piece under heavy pressure, a pipe providing communication between the other ends of the cylinders, said pistons including piston rods extending through said other ends of each of said cylinders and being connected to the work-engaging member, a passageway extending through one of said pistons and the associated rod and terminating outwardly of the cylinder, the rod of said other piston having a passageway communicating with the passageway in the first piston and opening into the cylinder on the side of the piston from which the rod extends, and valve means responsive to the pressure in said one end of each of said cylinders in control of the flow of fluid from said first piston rod to the second piston rod.

6. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a work-engaging member, a pair of pistons operatively connected to said member for moving it into and out of engagement with a work piece, a pair of cylinders housing said pistons, means admitting fluid into one end of each of said cylinders for moving said pistons conjointly to cause said work-engaging member to be moved into engagement with a work piece under heavy pressure, a pipe providing communication between the other ends of the cylinders, said pistons including piston rods extending through said other ends of each of said cylinders and being connected to the work-engaging member, a passageway extending through one of said pistons and the associated rod and terminating outwardly of the cylinder, the rod of said other piston having a passageway communicating with the passageway in the first piston and opening into the cylinder on the side of the piston from which the rod extends, valve means operative in response to the pressure of the fluid in said one end of each of said cylinders in control of the flow of fluid from said first piston rod to the second piston rod, an exhaust from said cylinders on the sides of the pistons from which the rods extend, and a valve operative in response to the pressure of the fluid in said one end of each of F said cylinders in control of said exhaust to close it before said first-named pressure-operated valve is opened to provide communication between the opposite ends of the cylinders.

'7. In a fluidpressure-operated mechanism, a work-engaging member, a pair of pistons operatively connected to said member for moving it into and out of engagement with a work piece, a pair of cylinders housing said pistons, means admitting fluid into one end of each of said cylinders for moving said pistons conjointly to cause said work-engaging member to be moved into engagement with a work piece under heavy pressure, a pipe providing communication between the other ends of the cylinders, said pistons including piston rods extending through said other ends of each of said cylinders and being connected to the work-engaging member, a passageway extending through one of said pistons and rod and terminating outwardly of the cylinder, the rod of said other piston having a passageway communicating with the passageway in the first piston and opening into the cylinder on the side of the piston from which the rod extends, valve means operative in response 12 to the pressure of the fluid in said one end of each of said cylinders in control of the flow of fluid from said first piston rod to the second piston rod, an exhaust from said cylinders onthe sides of the pistons from which the rods eX-- tend, a valve operative in response tothe pressure of the fiuidin said one end of each of said cylinders in control of said exhaust to close it before said first-named pressure-operated valve is opened to provide communication between the opposite ends of the cylinders, and means for thereafter interrupting the flow of fluid under pressure into said one'end of the cylinders and for causing it to flow directly into the other end of the cylinders to cause reverse movement of said pistons.

8. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a fluid-pressure motor, passageways for directing fluid under pressure to one side ofthe movable element of said motor and for exhausting fluid from the other side of the movable element, and means operative in response to progressive increases in the pressure of the'fiuid on said one side of the movable element for first cutting off the exhaust of fluid from said other side while the fluid is admitted to said first side, then admitting fluid under pressure to the other side while the fluid is admitted to the first side, and

finally exhausting the fluid from the first side.

9. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a fluid-pressure motor, passageways for directing fluid under pressure to one side of the movable element of said motor and for exhausting fluid from the other side of the movable element, means operative in response to progressive increases in the pressure of the fluid on said one side of the movable element for first cutting off the exhaust of fluid from said'other side while the fluid is admitted to said first side, then admitting fluid under pressure to the other side while the fluid is admitted to the first side, and finally exhausting the fluid from the first side, said means including a slide valve movable progressively into various positions in response to increases in pressure of the operating fluid, and

means restraining said valve against such movement.

10. In a fluid-pressure-operated mechanism, a piston, a cylinder housing said piston, a valve chamber associated with said cylinder, passageways between said valve chamber and the cylinder communicating with opposite ends of the cylinder, intake and exhaust passageways in said valve chamber and a pressure-operated valve in said chamber movable progressively in response to progressive increases in pressure in one end of said cylinder from a position in which fluid under 7 pressure passes through a passageway into said one end of the cylinder and exhausts through the passageway communicating with the other end of the cylinder, to a position in which said last-named passageway is closed to exhaust while the first-named passageway is open to the fluid under pressure, and to another position in which fluid under pressure exhausts from thefirst passageway communicating with said one end of the 1 cylinder and enters the cylinder through said other passageway, said valve including an element exposed to the pressure of fluid passing through the passageway into said one end of the cylinder, and means restraining the valve against motion in response to such pressure.

11. In a fiuid-pressure-operated'mechanism,a piston, a cylinder housing said piston, a valve chamber associated with said cylinder, passage- 13 ways between said valve chamber and the cylinder communicating with opposite ends of the cylinder, intake and exhaust passageways in said valve chamber and a pressure-operated valve in said chamber movable progressively in response to progressive increases in pressure in one end of said cylinder from a position in which fluid under pressure passages through a passageway into said one end of the cylinder and exhausts through the passageway communicating with the other end of the cylinder, to a position in which said last-named passageway is closed to exhaust while the first-named passageway is open to the fluid under pressure, and to another position in which fluid under pressure exhausts from the first passageway communicating with said one end of the cylinder and enters the cylinder through said other passageway, said valve including an element exposed to the pressure of fluid passing through the passageway into said one end of the cylinder, and means restraining 14 the valve against motion in response to such pressure, said means including mechanism permitting step-by-step movement of the valve into said positions in response to a progressive increase in pressure against said element.

FRED C. EASTMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

